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We ship world wide. All international orders must be paid online. Checks or money orders drawn on non-US banks will not be accepted.
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Cylinder Heads
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You can achieve significant gains in engine power with the proper selection and modification of cylinder heads. Cylinder head port size and shape, coupled with combustion chamber size and shape, determine an engine’s power personality. The “bigger is better” theory most of us have accepted over the years doesn’t always work to an engine’s advantage. A street engine can have too much cylinder head, which adversely affects driveability. The same can be said for racing engines, depending upon the application. Ports that are too large hurt the low-end torque we need for effective street performance. Your challenge is to achieve the right combination of port size and camshaft profile to enhance driving pleasure. You’re going to want a cylinder head/piston/induction/camshaft combination that will serve you well in regular driving as well as traffic light-to-traffic light performance.
How you intend to use the engine directly determines the type of cylinder head you should select. Budget street engines benefit more from the smaller ports we see with stock heads. They don’t always need porting and polishing, either. Sometimes porting and polishing take street power away from where you need it most. Stock intake ports that are rough cast keep fuel droplets in suspension on carburetor equipped engines. This improves low-end torque. Ground and polished intake ports can actually hurt low-end torque on carbureted engines because fuel atomization and suspension are affected.
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SMALL BLOCK CYLINDER HEADS One of the biggest myths you will face in your Ford engine build is that the 289 High Performance head is the best head to use. This is not necessarily so. The only difference between the 289 High Performance head and the 2V/4V head is valve spring pockets and screw-in rocker-arm studs. Otherwise, port size is virtually the same. So save your money and spruce up a set of 2V/4V heads or opt for 351W types. How? By doing some port work, opting for screw-in rocker-arm studs, and installing hardened valve seats and larger valves.
If you’re building a 289 High Performance engine, opt for larger 1.94/1.60" Chevrolet valves (no one’s going to know they’re there but you) and a port/bowl job to achieve the most from those factory Hi-Po heads. Externally, they will look stock. Internally, they will help your 289 High Performance engine breathe like it never has before. You can also opt for 351W heads here too without anyone knowing the difference externally.
Vintage small-block Ford head choices aren’t as simple as they may appear. There has been significant change in the 221/260/289/302 head over the past four decades. Some of these heads are best avoided. Others are diamonds in the rough.
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The best small-block head to use is the 1969-73 351W, thanks to its larger valves and ports. It’s a bolt-on swap. When a 351W head cannot be sourced, the 1965-73 289/302 head is your best bet, due to its smaller wedge chambers. We stress head use prior to 1974 because combustion chamber size remains smaller in those years, keeping compression healthy.
When you are building a set of heads, good machining technique is important. First, castings should be checked for cracks and serious warpage. Then head deck surfaces should be checked and milled as necessary. Valves and guides should be reworked or replaced. Hardened exhaust valve seats should be installed. Pushrod guide plates and screw-in rocker-arm studs should be fitted. When budget is limited, you should opt for 1965 through early 1966 heads with pushrod guides already cast. If you are running a hot camshaft, screw-in rocker-arm studs become mandatory. When screw-in studs are beyond your budget, pinning the press-in studs becomes an inexpensive alternative.
Bush Performance in Fort Smith, Arkansas offers a low-cost way to get into hot street performance with the Street Boss system (nicknamed the “Clevor”, for Cleveland and Windsor). The Street Boss system puts the 351C head atop the 289/302/351W block. The way you intend to use your engine determines which 351C head you will use. For the weekend racer, the 351C-4V head with its large ports and closed-wedge chambers makes a good high-rev head. The 351C-4V head breathes very well at high RPM like we see in drag and road-course racing. The 351C-2V head is a better street head due to its smaller ports and open-chamber design. Smaller ports give you better low-end torque. Open chambers reduce the risk of detonation with low-octane fuels.
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The 1969-73 351W head is a budget performance bolt-on for 289/302ci engines due to its larger valves and ports. The only important difference to watch for is the dog-leg coolant passage between the intake manifold and cylinder head on early 351W heads. This can pose leak problems if you use the wrong intake gasket. Use the 351W intake manifold gasket.
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New aftermarket heads aren’t within the realm of a budget build. However, as they age and see use, they often wind up at the swap meets for considerably less than they were new. Glass beading and valve work makes them as good as new for less money. Good street heads include the Ford Motorsport SVO GT-40 iron and aluminum heads, World Products Windsor Jr. heads, and Edelbrock Performers. These are the most common, most reliable heads out there for the builder on a budget.
For those of you building late-model 5.0L and 5.8L engines, cylinder head choices tend to be different, especially if you’re interested in meeting emission standards. From 1982-84, Ford used a D9AE-6049-AA cylinder head casting atop the 5.0L High Output V-8. This is not a high- performance cylinder head although it was used on the 1982-84 5.0L High Output engines. It is, however, a workable cylinder head that will come alive with port work and larger 1.94/1.60" Chevrolet valves.
Small-block Ford heads lost yardage in the performance arena after 1978 with Ford’s increasing attention to emissions and driveability. Ports became smaller for improved low-end torque and cleaner emissions. Although this works well in traffic, it doesn’t do much for our engine in higher RPM ranges. Despite the D9AE casting shortcomings, you can still port these heads and make power. However, this is not maximizing what you can do with a stock cylinder head.
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The biggest shortcoming with the D9AE casting is the exhaust port with Ford’s infamous Thermactor injection “hump” in the port. It becomes very restrictive. However, this hump can be ground out and all restriction taken away with some Saturday afternoon labor on a work bench. For 1985 only, Ford went to the E5AE head, which was little more than a modified D9AE casting designed for easy roller tappet removal with the head installed. It is identifiable by the reliefs notched in the head at the lifter valley. Otherwise, it is virtually identical to the D9AE casting.
Ford began making improvements to the 5.0L/5.8L head in 1986 with the “high-swirl/fast burn” E6AE and E6TE castings. This head saw widespread use from 1986-88 depending on vehicle application. A shrouded intake valve was trademark to the “high-swirl/fast burn” concept. Thing is, the E6AE/E6TE head didn’t do much for power.
The E5TE and E7TE heads introduced for 1987 are undoubtedly the best late-model castings because the “high-swirl/fast burn” chamber is eliminated. This is more a return to the 1985 High Output/Truck head with improved water jacket passages. For you the engine builder, this head is good for an easy bonus 25-30 horsepower.
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The 1993-95 Cobra GT-40 head is little more than a marine head with larger valves and ports. This fact all by itself makes the GT-40 a good, economical head for 5.0L/5.8L performance. Economical because it is a common head. Just look for 1.84/1.54" valves, “GT” markings, and F3ZE/F4ZE casting numbers. Ford part numbers are F3ZZ-A and F4ZZ-A. These heads are also available from Ford Racing as M-6049-L302. Properly outfitted, these heads use the F3ZZ-6564-A roller rocker arm with a 1.7:1 ratio.
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Previous | Next
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This has been a sample page from
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How to Build Max Performance Ford V-8s on a Budget By George Reid
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Low-cost formulas for building serious horsepower!
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This book addresses high-performance V-8 engines such as the 289, 302, 351ci small-blocks found in Mustangs, as well as the FE series of big-blocks. Emphasis throughout is a budget approach to building high performance powerplants through the use of over-the-counter factory components and selected aftermarket pieces. Includes realistic, low-cost formulas for building serious horsepower in Ford V-8 engines. Read the sample pages to learn more!
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Click below to view sample pages from several chapters
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1 - Engine Building Basics 2 - Making Power 3 - Engine Block 4 - Crankshaft, Rods & Pistons 5 - Cylinder Heads 6 - Camshaft & Valvetrain 7 - Headers and Exhaust 8 - Ford Ignition Systems 9 - Engine Build Ups
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Softbound 8-3/8 x 10-7/8 128 pages 300+ b/w photos Item #SA69 Price: $18.95
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Click here to buy now!
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If you're serious about building a powerful Ford V-8 you need this book!
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Other items you might be interested in
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How to Rebuild the Small-Block Ford In this 144 page book you're walked step by step through a rebuild, including: Planning your Rebuild; Disassembly and Inspection; Choosing the Right Parts; Machine Work; Assembling your Engine; and First Firing and Break-In. Includes 289, 302, 351W, 351C, 351M and 400.
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Price:
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The Step by Step Guide to Engine Blueprinting Practical methods for racing and rebuilding, selecting and preparing parts, and how to buy machine shop work. This completely revised and updated version containing an additional 32 pages is simply the best book you can buy on engine preparation for street or racing! Engine Blueprinting shows the reader how to use precision measuring tools, calculate compression ratios, degree a camshaft, and much more!
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Price:
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How to Build Big-Inch Ford Small Blocks Thoroughly explains how to build a stroker, with information that will help you to better tailor your heads, cam, intake manifold, carburetor & exhaust system to get the most of the extra cubes. Also included is a complete guide to head and block castings so you can choose exactly the right parts for your project.
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Price:
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